Systematics and ecology of Anolis biporcatus (Squamata: Iguanidae)

Anolis biporcatus is a large green anole found in southern Mexico, Central America and northern South America. We examined morphological, molecular, and ecological aspects of specimens from localities throughout the range of A. biporcatus and found evidence that warrants elevating A. biporcatus parvauritus to species status. A. parvauritus differs from A. biporcatus in its dewlap colour pattern, overall morphology, and mitochondrial DNA. A deep mitochondrial split exists between northern and central Costa Rican samples of A. biporcatus, and substantial morphological variation occurs within this form. These patterns suggest potential species-level splits within currently recognized A. biporcatus. More extensive sampling of DNA data is needed to evaluate potential species boundaries within A. biporcatus.