Survival Analysis of Patients with Primary Retroperitoneal Tumors in a Specialty Hospital in Quito-Ecuador in the Period 2009-2019

Purpose: Primary retroperitoneal tumors (PRT) are various heterogeneous types of neoplasms that have a frequency of less than 1%. The main factors associated with survival are time with the disease, treatment received, and recurrence. This study analyzed the clinical and pathological factors that influence the survival outcomes in patients with PRT. Methods: A retrospective cohort study and a survival analysis were conducted using the available data in the electronic clinical records of patients with a diagnosis of PRT in a specialty hospital in Quito-Ecuador between 2009 and 2019. The included patients were those coded according to the ICD-10 with the C48.0 and C48.8 code. The univariate analysis calculated frequencies, average, and dispersion measurements. Through the Kaplan-Meier method, survival time was analyzed among the different categories of included variables. These differences were shown through the log-rank test. Results: Sarcomas were the most common type of retroperitoneal tumor found. The median survival period among patients was 14 months. Several significant variables were found to be associated with lower rates of survival, including clinical stages III and IV and status of surgical resection. Conclusion: Most of the patients were detected in the late stages of the disease. This could be behind the higher mortality rate and low survival among patients. Variables such clinical stages and status of surgical resection were important risk factors for mortality and should be considered for the prognosis.