Seguridad y Eficacia de la Alimentación Enteral Temprana en Pacientes Críticos Ventilados: Una Revisión Sistemática

Introduction: Early enteral nutrition (ENN) plays a crucial role in the care of individuals who, due to their critical condition, are unable to receive food orally. This practice not only safeguards the health of the gastrointestinal system, but also contributes to shortening hospital stay, reduces medical expenses and favors improved recovery prospects. Objective: This systematic review critically synthesizes published studies on the safety and efficacy of ENE in critically ill patients with ventilatory support in the ICU. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out in three databases, based on the PRISMA method approach, for the selection criteria of inclusion, exclusion and temporality from 2018 to 2023 were used, for the evaluation of the risk of bias the Johns Hopkins Hospital Evidence-Based Nursing Model for Nursing and Health Professionals, appendices E, G and H were used. Results: 400 articles were reviewed of which only 15 articles were included for the present review, the findings described in the studies suggest that early enteral feeding (ENF) plays a crucial role in optimizing nutritional management in critically ill patients in certain medical conditions. Conclusions: The systematic review highlights the benefits of early enteral feeding in critically ill patients such as decreased duration of mechanical ventilation and hospital stay, as well as improved clinical outcomes in certain settings.