Population estimates and habitat selection of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus ustus) in theantisana water conservation area, ecuador

The Antisana Water Conservation Area (ACHA) greatly contributes to the water supply of the Metropolitan Districtof Quito (DMQ). Therefore, integrated management of the area needs to take into account the ecological interactions that sustain the interception and slow release of water by the vegetation and soil. An apparent increase in thepopulation of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) has led to the concern that this herbivore may alter thevegetation and thus the water cycle. In this study, we obtain the first population estimates for white-tailed deer inACHA and the second estimate for the Ecuadorean Andes. Vantage point counts (VPC) set the minimum populationfor the reserve at 760 individuals, whereas the fecal standing crop (FSC) indirect method determined an estimate of953 ± 368 (90% confidence interval) for a density of 11.27 individuals/km2 . The density of deer is low compared toother sites in the Colombian and Venezuelan Andes. From a management perspective, the optimal number of deer forthe reserve will depend on the impact the deer have on the ideal composition of plants for the long-term productionof water.