TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrochemical degradation of 5-FU using a flow reactor with BDD electrode
T2 - Comparison of two electrochemical systems
AU - Ochoa-Chavez, A. S.
AU - Pieczyńska, A.
AU - Fiszka Borzyszkowska, A.
AU - Espinoza-Montero, P. J.
AU - Siedlecka, E. M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2018/6
Y1 - 2018/6
N2 - In this study, the electrochemical degradation process of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in aqueous media was performed using a continuous flow reactor in an undivided cell (system I), and in a divided cell with a cationic membrane (Nafion® 424) (system II). In system I, 75% of 5-FU degradation was achieved (50 mg L−1) with a applied current density japp = 150 A m−2, volumetric flow rate qv = 13 L h−1, after 6 h of electrolysis (kapp = 0.004 min−1). The removal efficiency of 5-FU was higher (95%) when the concentration was 5 mg L−1 under the same conditions. Nitrates (22% of initial amount of N), fluorides (27%) and ammonium (10%) were quantified after 6 h of electrolysis. System II, 77% of 5-FU degradation was achieved (50 mg L−1) after 6 h of electrolysis (kapp = 0.004 min−1). The degradation rate of 5-FU was complete when the concentration was 5 mg L−1 under the same conditions. Nitrates (29% of initial amount of N), fluorides (25%) and ammonium (5%) were quantified after 6 h of electrolysis. In addition, the main organic byproducts identified by mass spectroscopy were aliphatic compound with carbonyl and carboxyl functionalities. Due to, the mineralization of 5-FU with acceptable efficiency of 88% found in system II (japp of 200 A m−2), this system seems to be more promising in the cytostatic drug removal. Moreover the efficiency of 5-FU removal in diluted solutions is better in system II than in system I.
AB - In this study, the electrochemical degradation process of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in aqueous media was performed using a continuous flow reactor in an undivided cell (system I), and in a divided cell with a cationic membrane (Nafion® 424) (system II). In system I, 75% of 5-FU degradation was achieved (50 mg L−1) with a applied current density japp = 150 A m−2, volumetric flow rate qv = 13 L h−1, after 6 h of electrolysis (kapp = 0.004 min−1). The removal efficiency of 5-FU was higher (95%) when the concentration was 5 mg L−1 under the same conditions. Nitrates (22% of initial amount of N), fluorides (27%) and ammonium (10%) were quantified after 6 h of electrolysis. System II, 77% of 5-FU degradation was achieved (50 mg L−1) after 6 h of electrolysis (kapp = 0.004 min−1). The degradation rate of 5-FU was complete when the concentration was 5 mg L−1 under the same conditions. Nitrates (29% of initial amount of N), fluorides (25%) and ammonium (5%) were quantified after 6 h of electrolysis. In addition, the main organic byproducts identified by mass spectroscopy were aliphatic compound with carbonyl and carboxyl functionalities. Due to, the mineralization of 5-FU with acceptable efficiency of 88% found in system II (japp of 200 A m−2), this system seems to be more promising in the cytostatic drug removal. Moreover the efficiency of 5-FU removal in diluted solutions is better in system II than in system I.
KW - 5-Fluorouracil
KW - BDD anode
KW - Cytostatic drug
KW - Electrochemical oxidation
KW - Flow reactor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85043789499&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.050
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.050
M3 - Article
C2 - 29554628
AN - SCOPUS:85043789499
SN - 0045-6535
VL - 201
SP - 816
EP - 825
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
ER -