Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador

Javier Guaña-Moya; Yamileth Arteaga-Alcívar; Jorge Ceferino Eguizábal; Silvia Alexandra Erazo Guzmán

doi:10.1007/978-3-032-10947-7_13

Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador

Javier Guaña-Moya^*
, Yamileth Arteaga-Alcívar
, Jorge Ceferino Eguizábal
, Silvia Alexandra Erazo Guzmán

^*Corresponding author for this work

Faculty of Engineering

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

This study analyses the evolution of ICTs in Ecuadorian secondary education, using a mixed methodology that includes surveys, interviews and focus groups. The results show a significant increase in access to the Internet and computer labs in schools from 2019 to 2023. Teachers’ digital skills vary, with 65% at intermediate or advanced levels, but 35% still at basic level. The use of ICT tools is mainly focused on educational presentations and videos, with low adoption of advanced technologies such as virtual reality. Perceptions about the impact of ICTs are generally positive, especially on student motivation and access to resources, although less so on academic outcomes. Key challenges include inadequate infrastructure, lack of teacher training and connectivity problems in rural areas. The study concludes that while there has been significant progress, inequalities persist in access to and effective use of ICTs. A holistic approach is recommended that addresses technological, pedagogical and sociocultural aspects, emphasizing the need to continue investing in infrastructure, professional teacher development and the creation of contextualized digital content.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Developments and Advances in Defense and Security - Proceedings of MICRADS 2025
Editors	Alvaro Rocha, Ashok Vaseashta, Carlos Hernan Fajardo-Toro, Jose Maria Riola
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Pages	145-156
Number of pages	12
ISBN (Print)	9783032109460
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-10947-7_13
State	Published - 2026
Event	Multidisciplinary International Conference of Research Applied to Defense and Security, MICRADS 2025 - Orlando, United States Duration: 24 Jul 2025 → 26 Jul 2025

Publication series

Name	Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies
Volume	462 SIST
ISSN (Print)	2190-3018
ISSN (Electronic)	2190-3026

Conference

Conference	Multidisciplinary International Conference of Research Applied to Defense and Security, MICRADS 2025
Country/Territory	United States
City	Orlando
Period	24/07/25 → 26/07/25

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.

Keywords

Digital teacher competencies
Ecuadorian secondary education
Educational digital divide
ICT in education
Pedagogical technological integration

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-032-10947-7_13

Cite this

Guaña-Moya, J., Arteaga-Alcívar, Y., Eguizábal, J. C., & Erazo Guzmán, S. A. (2026). Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador. In A. Rocha, A. Vaseashta, C. H. Fajardo-Toro, & J. M. Riola (Eds.), Developments and Advances in Defense and Security - Proceedings of MICRADS 2025 (pp. 145-156). (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies; Vol. 462 SIST). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-10947-7_13

Guaña-Moya, Javier ; Arteaga-Alcívar, Yamileth ; Eguizábal, Jorge Ceferino et al. / Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador. Developments and Advances in Defense and Security - Proceedings of MICRADS 2025. editor / Alvaro Rocha ; Ashok Vaseashta ; Carlos Hernan Fajardo-Toro ; Jose Maria Riola. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2026. pp. 145-156 (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies).

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title = "Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador",

abstract = "This study analyses the evolution of ICTs in Ecuadorian secondary education, using a mixed methodology that includes surveys, interviews and focus groups. The results show a significant increase in access to the Internet and computer labs in schools from 2019 to 2023. Teachers{\textquoteright} digital skills vary, with 65\% at intermediate or advanced levels, but 35\% still at basic level. The use of ICT tools is mainly focused on educational presentations and videos, with low adoption of advanced technologies such as virtual reality. Perceptions about the impact of ICTs are generally positive, especially on student motivation and access to resources, although less so on academic outcomes. Key challenges include inadequate infrastructure, lack of teacher training and connectivity problems in rural areas. The study concludes that while there has been significant progress, inequalities persist in access to and effective use of ICTs. A holistic approach is recommended that addresses technological, pedagogical and sociocultural aspects, emphasizing the need to continue investing in infrastructure, professional teacher development and the creation of contextualized digital content.",

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note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.; Multidisciplinary International Conference of Research Applied to Defense and Security, MICRADS 2025 ; Conference date: 24-07-2025 Through 26-07-2025",

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language = "English",

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Guaña-Moya, J, Arteaga-Alcívar, Y, Eguizábal, JC & Erazo Guzmán, SA 2026, Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador. in A Rocha, A Vaseashta, CH Fajardo-Toro & JM Riola (eds), Developments and Advances in Defense and Security - Proceedings of MICRADS 2025. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol. 462 SIST, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, pp. 145-156, Multidisciplinary International Conference of Research Applied to Defense and Security, MICRADS 2025, Orlando, United States, 24/07/25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-10947-7_13

Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador. / Guaña-Moya, Javier; Arteaga-Alcívar, Yamileth; Eguizábal, Jorge Ceferino et al.
Developments and Advances in Defense and Security - Proceedings of MICRADS 2025. ed. / Alvaro Rocha; Ashok Vaseashta; Carlos Hernan Fajardo-Toro; Jose Maria Riola. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2026. p. 145-156 (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies; Vol. 462 SIST).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador

AU - Guaña-Moya, Javier

AU - Arteaga-Alcívar, Yamileth

AU - Eguizábal, Jorge Ceferino

AU - Erazo Guzmán, Silvia Alexandra

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.

PY - 2026

Y1 - 2026

N2 - This study analyses the evolution of ICTs in Ecuadorian secondary education, using a mixed methodology that includes surveys, interviews and focus groups. The results show a significant increase in access to the Internet and computer labs in schools from 2019 to 2023. Teachers’ digital skills vary, with 65% at intermediate or advanced levels, but 35% still at basic level. The use of ICT tools is mainly focused on educational presentations and videos, with low adoption of advanced technologies such as virtual reality. Perceptions about the impact of ICTs are generally positive, especially on student motivation and access to resources, although less so on academic outcomes. Key challenges include inadequate infrastructure, lack of teacher training and connectivity problems in rural areas. The study concludes that while there has been significant progress, inequalities persist in access to and effective use of ICTs. A holistic approach is recommended that addresses technological, pedagogical and sociocultural aspects, emphasizing the need to continue investing in infrastructure, professional teacher development and the creation of contextualized digital content.

AB - This study analyses the evolution of ICTs in Ecuadorian secondary education, using a mixed methodology that includes surveys, interviews and focus groups. The results show a significant increase in access to the Internet and computer labs in schools from 2019 to 2023. Teachers’ digital skills vary, with 65% at intermediate or advanced levels, but 35% still at basic level. The use of ICT tools is mainly focused on educational presentations and videos, with low adoption of advanced technologies such as virtual reality. Perceptions about the impact of ICTs are generally positive, especially on student motivation and access to resources, although less so on academic outcomes. Key challenges include inadequate infrastructure, lack of teacher training and connectivity problems in rural areas. The study concludes that while there has been significant progress, inequalities persist in access to and effective use of ICTs. A holistic approach is recommended that addresses technological, pedagogical and sociocultural aspects, emphasizing the need to continue investing in infrastructure, professional teacher development and the creation of contextualized digital content.

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KW - Ecuadorian secondary education

KW - Educational digital divide

KW - ICT in education

KW - Pedagogical technological integration

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AN - SCOPUS:105027335061

SN - 9783032109460

T3 - Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies

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EP - 156

BT - Developments and Advances in Defense and Security - Proceedings of MICRADS 2025

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A2 - Vaseashta, Ashok

A2 - Fajardo-Toro, Carlos Hernan

A2 - Riola, Jose Maria

PB - Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH

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ER -

Guaña-Moya J, Arteaga-Alcívar Y, Eguizábal JC, Erazo Guzmán SA. Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador. In Rocha A, Vaseashta A, Fajardo-Toro CH, Riola JM, editors, Developments and Advances in Defense and Security - Proceedings of MICRADS 2025. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. 2026. p. 145-156. (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies). doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-10947-7_13

Analysis of the Evolution of ICT in Secondary Education in Ecuador

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

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